Present Perfect I
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has cleaned/ have gone etc. is the Present Perfect ( have/ has + Past Participle*):
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We use the Present Perfect for an action in the past with a result now:
- I` ve lost my passport. (= I can`t find my passport now)
- She` s (= she has) gone to bed. (= she is in bed now)
- We` ve bought a new car. (= we have a new car now)
- It`s Kay`s birthday tomorrow and I haven`t bought her a present.
- "Bob is on holiday." "Oh, where has he gone?"
- "Are they still having dinner?" "No, they` ve finished."
* The Past Participle of regular verbs is -ed: |
Present Perfect 2
We use the Present Perfect have been/ have played/ have done etc. when we talk about a time from the past until now - for example, your life:
- " Have you been to France?" ( in your life) "No, I haven`t."
- I` ve been to Canada but I haven`t been to the United States.
- She is an interesting person. She has done many different jobs and has visited many countries.
- I` ve seen that woman before but I can`t remember when.
- How many times has Brazil won the World Cup?
- " Have you read this book?" "Yes, I` ve read it twice." (= two times)
You can use the Present Perfect + ever ( in questions) and never:
- " Has Ann ever been to Australia?" "No, never."
- " Have you ever played golf?" "Yes, once." (= one time)
- My mother has never travelled by air.
- I` ve never ridden a horse.
gone and been
He`s gone to Spain. |
He`s been to Spain. |
Compare:
- I can`t find Susan. Where has she gone? (= Where is she now?)
- Oh, hello, Susan. I was looking for you. Where have you been?
Present Perfect 3
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She is in London now. |
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( is = present) |
but |
She has been in London |
since Monday. |
( has been = Present Perfect) |
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Compare:
Present Simple
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but |
Present Perfect
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Present Continuous
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but |
Present Perfect Continuous ( have been -ing )
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